Hydropower, also known as hydroelectric power, is a renewable energy source that generates electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing or falling water. It is one of the oldest and most widely used forms of renewable energy. There are several types of hydropower systems, each suited to different geographical and environmental conditions. The most common type is conventional hydropower, which uses dams to create reservoirs that store water, which is then released to drive turbines and generate electricity. Run-of-river hydropower does not require large reservoirs; instead, it diverts a portion of a river's flow through a channel to generate electricity. Pumped storage hydropower is a type of system that stores energy by pumping water to a higher elevation during low demand periods and releasing it to generate electricity during peak demand. Micro-hydropower systems are small-scale installations designed to supply electricity to remote or rural areas. Hydropower is a clean and reliable energy source that contributes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and promoting energy security.

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