Sustainable transport is gaining traction globally as nations and urban areas work toward reducing greenhouse gas emissions, improving air quality, and enhancing mobility. The progress, however, varies greatly across regions and transportation modes. Public transportation systems, such as buses and trains, are being prioritised for their cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits. Cities like Jakarta, Indonesia, have adopted innovative solutions such as the Transjakarta Bus Rapid Transit, which serves millions of passengers daily and helps alleviate traffic congestion.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are emerging as a cornerstone of sustainable transport innovation, with substantial investments from governments and private sectors in EV infrastructure. Norway, for example, has become a leader in EV adoption, with a significant percentage of new car sales being electric vehicles. Other nations are focusing their efforts on expanding EV charging networks and incentivizing the use of clean energy-powered vehicles.

Despite these advancements, several challenges remain. In many high-income countries, public transport usage has not fully rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic, adversely affecting revenue streams and service quality. Moreover, the global transport sector continues to consume vast amounts of energy and contributes significantly to carbon emissions, underscoring the urgent need for a transition to sustainable systems.

Moving forward, greater investments in infrastructure, innovation, and behavioural change toward sustainable mobility are essential. These measures can pave the way for a cleaner, more efficient, and equitable future in transportation. The Sustainable Development Goals emphasise various forms of sustainable transport, promoting solutions that support environmental, social, and economic well-being. These solutions include efficient public transportation systems, the widespread adoption of electric vehicles, active modes of transport such as walking and cycling, shared mobility options, low-emission freight systems, and renewable energy-powered transport modes. Together, these strategies form the foundation for a sustainable transport revolution.

Transport is a critical sector for achieving sustainable development, and it directly contributes to several Sustainable Development Goals:

Goal 3: Good Health and Well-Being: Sustainable transport reduces air pollution and traffic-related accidents, contributing to better public health and safer living environments.

Goal 7: Affordable and Clean Energy: Promoting energy-efficient vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs), and investing in renewable energy-powered transport systems support access to clean and sustainable energy solutions.

Goal 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure: Developing resilient and sustainable transport infrastructure, including public transit and rail systems, fosters innovation, connectivity, and inclusive economic growth.

Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities: Sustainable transport is essential for creating inclusive, accessible, and efficient urban mobility systems that reduce congestion, improve air quality, and enhance the quality of urban life.

Goal 13: Climate Action: By transitioning to low-carbon and sustainable transport modes, such as biking, walking, and EVs, the sector plays a vital role in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing climate change.

Goal 15: Life on Land: Sustainable transport reduces habitat destruction and promotes eco-friendly infrastructure planning, contributing to the conservation of terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity.